Yuan Dynasty (1206 AD to 1368 AD)

Yuan Dynasty was founded in 1271 and perished in 1368, covering a ruling period of 97 years. Yuan Dynasty gave a conclusion to the 370 years' disintegration since the end of Tang Dynasty. China was unified for the second time, laying the foundation for long term stability and unification in Qing Dynasty. Economy and culture achieved rapid development in Yuan Dynasty. Today’s Hui Nationality came into being at the same period. The empire of Yuan boasted a huge land area, which was the primary form of the territory of China today

Yuan Dynasty could be divided into three stages: the early, the mid, and the late stage. The early stage began from the ruling years of Kublai Khan to that of Tiemu'er. Yuan Empire in this stage followed the system of laws and regulations of Han Dynasty and invented various policies on politics, economy, and culture. The early stage was the demonstration of step forward. Starting from the mid stage, Yuan Dynasty went to decline. There are intense social conflicts, disputes for imperial power, and frequent insurgences of peasants all over the country. Ying Zong Reform in this stage had little effect. It was just like a flash in the pan, unable to save the empire from decline. Finally the reform failed to achieve its target and its initiator Ying Zong died an unnatural death. Form Emperor Ming Zong to Emperor Shun Di was the late stage of Yuan Dynasty. The continuous break out of peasant insurgences fastened the perdition of Yuan Regime. Later Zhu Yuanzhang became the peasant leader, cleared away other separatist military commissioner regimes, and founded the new dynasty—Ming. It was the end of Yuan Dynasty.